Wednesday, May 12, 2010

Germany's Solar PV Industry: A Victim of its own Success?

With some irony, it appears that the success of German's solar photovoltaic (PV) feed-in tariffs, enshrined in the Renewable Energy Sources Act, or Erneuerbare-Energien-Gesetz (EEG), has lead to the federal government's proposal to cut them.

Berlin has decided to accelerate the annual rate by which it will reduce the solar feed-in tariff from five percent to ten percent, partly because the overwhelming success of the scheme lead to concerns that its generous support was causing a proliferation of solar installations that were becoming less affordable as the German economy entered recession.

The success of the scheme has meant many more installations than expected have secured support under the EEG. Given the lower initial expectations, the subsequently much larger number of qualifying installations has taxed the allocated budget. With the economy in decline, this has meant the generosity of the scheme has become less affordable.

Consequently, the government cut the tariff for new solar plants by around 10 per cent on 1 January 2010. However, at around the same time as the shrinking of Germany’s economy in 2009, the price of silicon went into a slump, which in turn led to significant reductions in installation costs. Calls followed for a further reduction in the feed-in tariffs.

In response, the Ministry for the Environment released plans in January to reduce solar funding by a further 15 per cent in the summer of 2010 and by that amount again at the start of 2011 – this is in addition to reductions already planned.

Although the amendments are not yet law as the coalition government is still negotiating on the draft-proposal, reports in the media suggest that roof systems will receive 16 per cent less in feed-in tariff in June, in addition to the January cut of 10 per cent. They will also suffer a two per cent cut per 1000 MW of newly installed capacity should the market raise above a certain limit.

The thinking is that as the volume of installations increases overtime, costs will fall. A final parliamentary decision on the new tariff rates is expected soon.
Editor's Note:   Some people believe that the recent elections in Germany signal that many people are not happy with the current administrations efforts to expand Nuclear energy at the expense of solar, and their is some hope that the FIT cuts will be postponed or softened.

Tariff Amendments Draw Fire

Proposed changes to the feed-in tariff in Germany for solar power have caused so much alarm in the PV industry there that the head of the country’s solar industry association has issued a strong warning about its possible effects. Günther Cramer, president of the Bundesverband Solarwirtschaft (BSW), went so far as to say that the proposed cuts threaten jobs. “Dozens of German solar companies would face insolvency or be forced to relocate their production outside of Germany,” said Cramer.

“The excessive feed-in tariff cut endangers one of the most important driving forces of jobs and the economy in our country. The creation of value added in the production of PV modules must be allowed to continue in Germany.” Cramer added the cuts even threaten to make the German chancellor’s policy on climate change obsolete. The BSW strongly advises a cautionary approach to reducing the feed-in tariff.

It says large sections of the German solar industry would not survive an additional reduction of the tariff for photovoltaic systems this year in the double-digit percentage range. “If this were implemented, around 50 000 jobs in Germany would hang in the balance,” a statement by the organisation reads.

Source:   Renewable Energy World   Read the full article here.

Germany Cuts its Feed in Tariff Rates in July

Germany's Bundestag - its lower house of parliament - has given approval to the country's previously announced reductions to subsidies for solar installations, Reuters reports. The reductions are expected to take place in July.

Under the new incentive levels, subsidies for rooftop solar power will be cut by 16%, and most open-field installations will see a 15% reduction in subsidies.

SOURCE: Reuters

SunPower Arranges $75 Million Loan Commitment from IFC

SunPower Corp. has secured a $75 million loan commitment from IFC, a member of the World Bank Group. The company's subsidiary, SunPower Philippines Manufacturing Ltd. (SPML), is partnering with IFC to finance SPML's operations in the Philippines.

"SunPower's partnership with IFC will enable us to drive further improvements to our manufacturing processes, which will allow us to continue delivery of the highest-efficiency solar cells to the global market," states Dennis Arriola, SunPower's executive vice president and chief financial officer. "We have been working closely with IFC for more than a year to secure this financing, and we hope to identify additional opportunities in the future."

Under the terms of the loan commitment, SPML can draw up to $75 million over the next two years. The loan must be repaid seven years from the draw-down date.

SOURCE: Solar Industry Magazine

Shrink Solar Develops New Solar Concentrator Technology

Shrink Nanotechnologies Inc. says its wholly owned subsidiary, Shrink Solar LLC, has unveiled the fifth generation of its solar concentrator technology, which is based on the company's proprietary NanoShrink material and its photovoltaic quantum dot composition.

Shrink Solar's fifth-generation solar concentrator has achieved higher efficiencies than previous generations of energy-producing cells, according to the company. This design also incorporates additional structures and circuit design to bolster efficiency.

The technology filters out wavelengths currently not absorbed by silicon and re-emits them into a device by concentrating light without the need for a tracking device, mirror or lens. Shrink Solar has demonstrated this proof-of-concept in an initial solar window prototype device.

SOURCE: Shrink Nanotechnologies Inc.

CentroSolar America Launches Centroschool

CentroSolar America, a provider of modules, inverters, racking components and packaged photovoltaic systems, has launched its U.S. training program, CentroSchool. The first training event was held in April in Pleasanton, Calif.

"The goal of CentroSchool is to guide new installers into the solar business and to help existing ones build their businesses," says Deep Chakraborty, CEO of CentroSolar America.

CentroSolar America adapted the solar training format from its German parent, CentroSolar AG, which has been conducting solar training programs in Germany and trained over 500 installers per year since 2007, the company notes.

CentroSchool will be offered twice a month at various U.S. locations. The next two events planned will be in Mt. Laurel, N.J., on May 13 and Scottsdale, Ariz., on June 3. Students interested in attending other training sessions can sign up at www.centrosolaramerica.com or www.centroschool.com.

SOURCE: CentroSolar America

Monday, May 10, 2010

MIT Researchers Print Solar Cell on Paper


Scientists at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology have successfully coated paper with a solar cell, part of a suite of research projects aimed at energy breakthroughs.

The printed solar cells, which Bulovic showed at a press conference Tuesday, are still in the research phase and are years from being commercialized.

However, the technique, in which paper is coated with organic semiconductor material using a process similar to an inkjet printer, is a promising way to lower the weight of solar panels. "If you could use a staple gun to install a solar panel, there could be a lot of value," Bulovic said.

The materials MIT researchers used are carbon-based dyes and the cells are about 1.5 percent to 2 percent efficient at converting sunlight to electricity. But any material could be used if it can be deposited at room temperature, Bulovic said. "Absolutely, the trick was coming up with ways to use paper," he said.

Source:   CNET News - Read the full article here.

Solar Power Scales Up

 Photo: Some of the most exciting developments have been in large-scale solar installations. 
Credit: Stirling Energy Systems.

"I think the future of solar is in all sizes, from the dinky cell powering your calculator to large utility-scale projects that need to be hooked up to utility lines," said Bob Noble, CEO of Envision Solar, whose company builds solar "groves" that also include electric car charging. The solar-powered calculators have been are on the market for decades, but utility-grade solar will take longer.

Many of the biggest projects are either in Europe or involve European companies. Abengoa Solar announced this week that it had started commercial operation near Seville, Spain of its 50-megawatt Solnova 1, which uses parabolic trough solar technology. The plant can power 25,700 homes, or offset 31,400 tons of carbon dioxide.

But Abenoga is also moving ahead with two large concentrating solar plants in the U.S., including Solana (in the desert outside Phoenix) and the Mojave Desert Project (California). Another Mojave project, backed by BrightSource and $160 million in investment, got a big boost in February when it received a conditional $1.4 billion loan guarantee from the Department of Energy.

U.S. solar electric capacity is still relatively small-just over 2,000 megawatts, enough to power 350,000 homes. But revenue climbed 36% in 2009. Last year $1.4 billion in venture capital reached solar companies in the U.S. Total U.S. volume is $4 billion. The largest users in the U.S. are in California, including Pacific Gas & Electric (the most installed capacity) and the San Francisco Public Utilities Commission (the most solar watts per customer).

The key to parabolic technology as backed by Abenoga and BrightSource is mirrors, huge ones. Solnova 1 covers 280 acres. The mirrors concentrate solar radiation onto heat-absorbing pipes carrying a super-heated liquid. Heat transfer turns water to steam, and that steam powers a turbo-generator to create electricity.

Clean tech funder Vinod Khosla, in a briefing paper on utility-scale solar, recently called for stable U.S. and European government incentive schemes, and for the "formation of large-scale, low-cost capital to underwrite low-carbon energy projects" of $100 million to $1 billion. According to Khosla's paper, a 100-mile by 100-mile solar-equipped section of Nevada desert could meet the full electricity demand of the U.S., and one percent of the world's desert areas could meet global electricity demand as forecast for 2030.

Khosla predicted that the price of photovoltaic cells is dropping from $2 a watt today to $1 in the near future. Noble of Envision also points out that technical advances have made large-scale solar adoption more feasible. And there are frequent breakthroughs: 

Source:   The Daily Green   Read the full article here.